ctthorp4

INFO/WWW-LINKS: Causes of pleural effusion are ususally divided by the effusion`s protein concentration into transudates (<30g/l) and exsudates (>30g/l). Reasons for transudates are e.g. heart failure, liver failure, nephrotic syndrome. Reasons for exsudates are e.g. pneumonia, TB, empyema, lung carcinoma, pleuritis. These effusions may become loculated, expecially if infective - that may cause pleural thickening. One cause of atelectasis is compression of the lung e.g. in case of pleural effusion. Airlessness of the lung owing to absorption of air from the alveoli. Another cause may be obstruction of the bronchi. When there is complete obstruction of a main bronchus, the entire lung eventually collapses, becoming a nonaerated or atelectatic lung. Depending of the site of the obstruction, collapse may involve an entire lung, a lobe or a bronchopulmonary segment.

D: Both-sided pleural effusions causing dystelectasis and atelectasis. Notize the chest drainage at the right side because of pneumothorax. Near the drainage there is a surgical emphysema

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